Real Life Incident: Departure Damage in Very Restricted Waterway

A tanker in ballast was departing from a river port, from a position which required a turn of approximately 180°. There was one pilot on board and one tug (the only one available) made fast aft.

Winds were from the south at about 20-25 knots and there was a northerly current setting. Once all lines were clear the vessel was taken off the berth and a turn to port was initiated.

The tugboat aft was ordered to move to vessel’s starboard bow to better assist in the rotation. With the tug pushing at the starboard bow, the vessel was now moving aft with a Speed Over Ground (SOG) of 2.4 knots. Soon, the vessel had turned about 60° to port, but the current and wind were moving the vessel to the north. The main engine was set to half ahead while rudder was hard to port.

As the vessel achieved approximately 90° of the turn, it was reported to be 10 metres from a dolphin on the starboard bow. The tug was at full power, but could not control the vessel’s set toward the dolphin and had to abandon its position for fear of being crushed. The vessel’s main engine was set at full astern, but the starboard bow brushed against the south corner of the mooring dolphin. Within minutes the vessel completed the turning manoeuvre and commenced the outbound passage to the anchorage, where damage to the hull was observed.

Lessons learned

In a very restricted waterway and with wind and current conditions that made for a complicated 180° turn, the use of one tug is, in retrospect, a hazardous decision.
Only one tug was available in this port, so the hazards were ‘normalised’ by the Master and pilot as ‘acceptable’.
Plan a manoeuvre beforehand and think about the forces acting on your vessel. In this case the vessel had to come 180° after leaving the berth and at one point was perpendicular with the current in a restricted channel. The tug could not overcome the forces acting on the hull pushing it to the North.

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